Ethical Situations in Business - 1062 Words

Ethical Situations in Business 3/26/2012 Evaluation and Recommendations by: David ________________________________________________________________________ Many businesses, such as Company Q, are faced with ethical decisions every day. And many of these ethical situations can conflict with the overall profit margin of a company. In three distinct area Company Q has made ethical choices, electing to put the company first, and its customers and community second. In our scenario Company Q has made three ethical decisions that have directly affected the company, employees with the company, the community in which Company Q does business, and to the needy people that count on companies such as Company Q. In our first situation†¦show more content†¦Each year, more than 36 million Americans, in communities across the country, are making difficult choices—seniors who are forced to choose between buying food or buying medicine; parents who might feed their children but not themselves; and working families who must make the difficult decision between paying their utilities or putting food on the table. Non-perishable and unspoiled perishable food can be donated to local food banks, soup kitchens, pantries, and shelters. Local and national programs frequently offer free pick-up and provide reusable containers to donors. To encourage food donations, the â€Å"Good Samaritan† law was created to prevent to prevent good food from going to waste and to protect companies from liability surrounding their donations.† (â€Å"EPA† n.d. http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/materials/organics/food/fd-donate.htm). Although communities need assistance from grocers, Compan y Q has decided not to donate food due to its lack of confidence in its own employees to not steal or fraudulently give away food. As stated by the citation many food banks offer free pick up service from the grocer. Extra security cameras can also be installed in areas where donations are picked up to help prevent fraud by employees. Management could also create a new position in its stores that addresses food donations. This added cost might slightly affect theShow MoreRelatedEthical Situations Of Business : Task 2 Essay1654 Words   |  7 PagesSean Dailey Student # 425090 Ethical Situations in Business – Task 2 A. Dress Code: Company X requires its employees to dress and maintain a clean, professional appearance. The employees of Company X represent this company and it is important that their appearance is professional. All staff members are expected to present themselves in an acceptable appearance to our team, clients, and the public. Supervisors are required to assist Company X in monitoring its employee’s appearance. Pants- JeansRead MoreWgu Ethical Situations in Business Task 1680 Words   |  3 PagesEthical Situations in Business Task 1 John Mackey, founder of Whole Foods once said Business social responsibility should not be coerced; it is a voluntary decision that the entrepreneurial leadership of every company must make on its own. (Mackey, 2005) In today’s society it is increasingly common for businesses to actively identify and become directly involved in the country and the global social issues and needs. It is now common place for companies to market this information alongsideRead MoreA Sticky Situation Is The Ethical Dilemmas Of The Business World And How Ethical Theories Can Provide Various Solutions1574 Words   |  7 PagesA Sticky Situation is a case that exemplifies the ethical dilemmas individuals face in the business world and how ethical theories can provide various solutions. In this case, Kent Graham has been an account manager at Dura-Stick Label products for two years, a deserved forerunner in the industry of label converting for durable-products. Although Kent was hired with 10 years of previous experience in label converting, his work at Dura Stick has not been up to par with the company’s reputation. DueRead MoreEthical And Legal Perspectives, What Do You Feel Business? Learned From The Scrushy Situation?972 Words   |  4 PagesFrom ethical and legal perspectives, what do you feel business has learned from the Scrushy situation? Richard Scrushy defrauded, stakeholders, stockholders, and the community out of millions of dollars. His deceptive, unethical, and commanding behavior was the stone that caused the biggest misappropriation avalanche of all time. We must consider this question, how is corporate cheating happening and who is heading the deception? Behind every crime, there is a ringleader or a group of individualsRead MoreImportance Of Ethics In The Workplace1572 Words   |  7 Pages In their personal and professional lives, people can and, unfortunately, sometimes do go against their moral and ethical standards. Ethical standards are what it means to be a good person, the social rules that govern our behavior. Ethics in business is essentially the study of what constitutes the right and wrong or the good or bad behavior in the workplace environment. A business is an organization whose objective is to provide goods or services for profit. The organization has a group of peopleRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pagescrucial in business. There are three key ideas used to understand this. Firstly, making ethically wrong decisions tend to cause more upset than other general mistakes as purposeful unethical actions are not as easily forgiven or forgotten. Secondly, ethics provides businesses with a broader understanding of everything to do with their business. Business ethics is effectively just business it its larger human context. Thir dly, being unethical can tarnish the public image of a business which can leadRead MoreDiscuss the Importance of Ethics in Business in Light of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (Gfc)1119 Words   |  5 Pagesadvanced of borrowing mortgages for the companies. The change of ethics through enterprises demonstrate how business approaches to ethics over the past years where ethics is seen in different perspectives. Lessons are learnt from financial failures in the lack of awareness in ethical performances to businesses. The recent global financial crisis has recently existed with a lack of awareness on business ethics policies where unprofessional practices are performed on dangerous mortgage borrowers have occurredRead MoreThe Ethical Issue Of Tina1230 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issue: Tina is facing the ethical issue that she has to be doing the job in a way that is not professionally and ethically sound. For example, she initiated the job with the aim that she would learn from the tasks under the job. However, in practice the situation is very different. In this scenario, the solution has been presented in the following based on appropriate actions and words Tina should use in the situation. Brief Snapshot of the situation: The situation is that Tina started theRead MoreEthical Dilemmas in Workplace1634 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Dilemmas in Workplace Personal values may conflict with ethical decision making if those personal values are different than the organizational norms of the business or institution. Constructing, and maintaining personal ethics in the workplace rests with the individual, and how willing he or she is in assimilating to the evolving cultural dynamic of the corporate world. Many times a person find their personal, cultural and/or organizational ethics conflicting and must reconcile a course ofRead MoreApple s Ethical Decision Making Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagestechnology. There are many aspects of the company that contribute to Apples success. One of the most important aspects is the company’s ethical decision making. Apple has a strong ethical code of conduct that represents the company as being ethical in all decisions being made. Despite Apples positive representation, the company has been faced with many ethical issues. Apple has been involved in many litigations ranging from a domain name dis pute and patent infringement, to the use of refurbished

The Bravery of Nelson Mandela - 1431 Words

â€Å"For to be free is not merely to cast off one’s chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others† (Newsone.com, 2011). Bravery is a phrase topped up with numerous connotations. Bravery is to stand your ground and gaze worry in the face and overcome the unrealistic. One will not face their fears or display anyone can be a champion, but it is the brave and audacious hearted actions of an individual that divides them from other amateurs that cannot fit the recount. Not anything in life is free or arrives without trying. In alignment to be brave, a person should have courageous, persistent, and honest Nelson Mandela, the previous leader of South Africa, did not choose to take an easy walk to flexibility. Mandela†¦show more content†¦Like any other citizen seeing their people being mistreated, â€Å"The injustice infuriated Mandela—and catapulted him into action† ( Winfrey, 2001). Nelson Mandela and other actvists foug ht long and hard against this discrimination (NelsonMandelas.com, 2012) . He had to endure the impossible to maintain the justice in his country. Mandela’s country was his main priority, he wanted to get rid of all racial discrimination. Mandela was part of the ANC. The African Nationwide Congress which was South Africa’s national liberation movement. But unlike other activists instead of enduring violence as a mean of unity he chose a different route. For this exact cause, Nelson Mandela was highly regarded and a figure for the South African people. Brian Walden had this to say â€Å"In the revolution led by Mandela to transform a model of racial division and oppression into an open democracy, he demonstrated that he didnt flinch from taking up arms, but his real qualities came to the fore after his time as an activist† (Brink, 1998). Mandela wasn’t the type to person to kill or hurt anyone, he believed strictly peaceful protest, he used wisdom and brav ery to explain his problem. The moment the ANC was ostracised then Mandela searched to execute activity and to halt the injustice. Over his 27 years in jail, Nelson Mandela became the symbol of an entire peoples struggle against injusticeShow MoreRelatedNelson Mandela My Role Model1211 Words   |  5 PagesNelson Mandela, full name Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, pet name Madiba, Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, in Mvezo, South Africa and died on December 5, 2013, in Johannesburg. The black nationalist and the first black president of South Africa (1994–99). His agreement in the early 1990s with South African Pres. F.W. de Klerk helped end the country’s system of racial segregation and started in a peaceful transition to majority rule. Mandela and de Klerk were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for PeaceRead MoreEssay on Nelson Mandela, My Superhero, Our Superhero850 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Nelson Mandela was the symbol of justice, equality, and dignity.† (Obama, 2013). He was born in Mves o, Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1998 as a Madiba clan (Les Prix Nobel, 1993). Since he was young, he always dreamt to be able to contribute to create a free and democratic country where everyone could live in harmony. He started his anti-apartheid movement by joining the African National Congress (ANC) when he was 20 (Cachalia, 2013). He was first banned in 1952, and was finally arrested onRead MoreBiography of Nelson Mandela1334 Words   |  6 PagesNelson Mandela Born and raised in South Africa. According to the Nelson Mandela Foundation, Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Mvezo, Transkei, on July 18,1918 to parents Nonqaphi Nosekeni and Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Galda Mandela. Rolihlahla Mandela was raised in a home with a family that always worked towards bettering the future. Mandela’s childhood was peaceful, he spent time on cattle herding and other rural pursuits. He was one of thirteen children, and had three older brothers all who were ofRead MoreNelson Mandela s President Of South Africa1309 Words   |  6 PagesThere isn’t much that can be said about nelson Mandela that everybody in the world doesn’t know already. For most of his life He has worked tirelessly to ensure freedom for not just black majority in south africa, but for all races. He has endured many things in his quest for peace, including being put on trial and going to jail multiple times. He is well known in his country as a hero who strived for peace. His f ight eventually led him to becoming the first democratically elected president of SouthRead MoreThe Forms of True Bravery800 Words   |  4 PagesThe Forms of True Bravery Nelson Mandela once said â€Å"I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear.† And fear is just a state of mind, a strong and thick barrier that prevents us from success and achieving our dreams or what we believe is right to us, but it is weak and thin when standing against courage, and once it is defeated, those barriers dissipate. But the main question is how canRead MoreMandel A Symbol For Justice, Equality, And Dignity1736 Words   |  7 PagesNelson Mandela was a symbol for justice, equality, and dignity. He spent the entirety of his life fighting for the things he was most passionate about. He often risked his life for his cause, and even spent decades in prison. In this paper, I will argue the relevance of Mandela’s passion and how individuals in todays society can learn from his activism. Mandela was born and raised in South Africa, which was a country that, up until 1994, was full of racial oppression and apartheid. Much like theRead MoreThe Great Individuals Of Transformative Education1198 Words   |  5 Pagesand doing what is right regardless of the consequences. Honor is standing up to a problem when it seems like there is no way out. Nelson Mandella, Barack Obama, and Walt Disney all share types of dignity, reputation, good name, and good sense of what is morally correct. Nelson Mandella is one of the individuals who exhibited honor in everything that he did. Nelson Mandela was a round and complete leader. He naturally exhibited all types of leadership qualities which is what led him to his success.Read MoreThe Hero Of The Odyssey By Homer, Louis Zamperini, And The Fictional Iron Man1723 Words   |  7 PagesHowever, a few have survived the test of time. Many of modern day heroes, as well as past heroes, do hold these long enduring traits, like Nelson Mandela, Marcus Luttrell, Louis Zamperini, and the fictional Iron Man. Odysseus, the main character in The Odyssey by Homer, portrays the traits necessary to be dubbed a hero. One is a hero if he or she shows leadership, bravery, resilience, and creativity throughout their actions. Throughout the novel, Odysseus shows leadership as he sails over the oceansRead More The African National Congress and the Fight Against South African Apartheid1666 Words   |  7 Pagessegregation system, called Apartheid, based upon skin color was established by the South African government. Although there were various international responses, the actions of such groups as the African National Congress displayed defiance and bravery in the midst of severe situations. Racial segregation and white domination had become main aspects of South African policy way before apartheid began. Although apartheid in South Africa technically formed in 1948, Africa’s history of racial oppressionRead MoreDesmond Tutu : The Most Influential Peacemakers Of The Past Century1708 Words   |  7 PagesChurch. He became the president of the All African Conference of Churches from 1987 to 1997. The South African apartheid ended in 1993, which happened due to no small part from Tutu’s relentless campaigning and able leadership. He introduced Nelson Mandela, who later became president in 1994, to the citizens. In 1992, he was awarded the Bishop John T. Walker Distinguished Humanitarian Service Award. Four years later, Tutu became the first person to receive the Archbishop of Canterbury’s Award for

The First Naval Voyage Of Spain Essay - 1412 Words

During the early years of the fifteenth century, Europe had tried to make itself a competing force in the world. With the failed efforts of the crusades and the attempts to spread their catholic religion, it is easy to say that they were not succeeding in establishing themselves as a civilization. However, they always sought new frontiers in order to improve their cultivation. At this time in history, several different groups around the world began venturing out beyond their native boarders, by sea. These excursions were usually brought about by a natural curiosity of the world and the new technology of sea travel. For the Europeans however, the beginning of their overseas voyages were mostly credited to a fascination with the East. They had known about the marvelous riches and fantastic wonders that reside there. There were several great voyages of that time, but there is one that can be argued as a legitimate turning point in history. The first naval voyage of Spain’s Christ opher Columbus would ultimately change the world forever. The reasons why this specific naval voyage is a turning point in history is because it inspired other voyages, discovered a new world for the Europeans, and established a lasting presence in America. The first European country to embark on sea voyages was Portugal. They began by attempting to sail around the continent Africa in order to reach the wonders of the East. These early expeditions, sponsored by Portugal’s Prince Henry the Navigator,Show MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Maritime Technology On The Age Of Exploration1264 Words   |  6 Pagesvery limited. This uncharted, inaccessible territory caused a major separation of mankind. However, these oceans sparked curiosity and desire for explorers to venture beyond their native land. This curiosity was the driving force to the invention of naval travel, a highly important and massive step for all growing communities during the Age of Exploration. Maritime technology’s advancements through history greatly aided in the Age of Exploration, allowing provinces to break their land boundaries andRead MoreGuantanamo Bay1444 Words   |  6 PagesFisherman’s Point on his second voyage to the â€Å"New World† and n amed the bay Puerto Grande, or† Great Port†. In the first part of the18th century, during the War of Jenkins’ Ear, a struggle between England and Spain from 1739 to 1741. The British took control of the bay and called the bay Cumberland. In 1790 the British garrison had died from yellow fever, as had a previous British force, before they could attack Santiago by land. Following the Seven Years’ War, Spain is given back Cuba, forRead MoreSir Francis Drake : A Man Who Inspired All Of England1111 Words   |  5 PagesSir Francis Drake, an Englishman, was a bold sailor who inspired all of England on his expeditions. Drake was a hero in England who was called â€Å"El Draque†, which meant â€Å"the dragon†, in Spain. Spain hated Drake because he was a big threat. Drake was most famous for his successful circumnavigation around the world. In the circumnavigation, he found many riches and spices which made him even more famous and crowned a knight by Queen Elizabeth. He proved that he was more than a famous sailor, he wasRead MoreWhy Did The Muslim World?1162 Words   |  5 PagesBeginning in the 15th Century, nations such as Spain, Portugal, Germany, Britain, and the Netherlands started exploring for new lands and colonizing them. Driven for power, trade, or expansion, many European powers colonized the New World. Yet when looking at the Muslim contemporaries, the Ottoman, Persian and Mughal Empires did not set sail for new land like their Western counterparts. Why did the Muslim world not partake in exploration and colonization of the New World, despite having equivalentRead MoreExpansion to the â€Å"New World† Essay734 Words   |  3 PagesExpansion to the new world was both a blessing and a curse to both Europeans and the natives of the new land. The first motive for exploring the new world to find a easier and faster way to trade with the Asian countries, but soon after two new continents were discovered it sprouted different motives from everyone. Even though everyone had their own ideas and dreams about the new world they were all ended up with a common goal, to find silver and gold and become very wealthy. Every country heardRead MoreFerdinand Magellan1074 Words   |  5 PagesDuke Manuel did not like Ferdinand, so even though Ferdinand wanted to sail, it was not until 1505 that he f inally got his chance. In 1505 Magellan sailed to India under the leadership of Captain General Almeida, and set up Naval Bases along the way. They set their first base up at Kilwa, and the chief there had promised to be nice to sailors coming through, and said each time sailors came through, he promised to give some gold to the King of Portugal. However he broke the promise, so the CaptainRead MoreEssay on The Spanish Armada2030 Words   |  9 Pagesof English aggressions against the colonies and possessions of the Spanish Crown; (II) it was however all but destroyed by a weeks fighting and a disastrous cruise; (III) this led to the gradual decadence of the maritime power of Spain; (IV) Catholics on the whole supported the Armada, but with some notable exceptions. I. ENGLISH PROVOCATION At the commencement of Elizabeths reign (1558) Philip had been her best friend. His intercession helped to save her lifeRead MoreThe Rise of Western Power: When China Ruled the Sea Essay905 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough its glory days was the Ming Dynasty which endured more than 250 years until its decline in 1644 (Dardess 1). Before the Ming dynasty, China had become little more than a portion of the Mongol Empire. Hongwu, formerly Zhu Yuanzhang, became the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty after the successful rebellion that pushed the Mongols out of China (Roberts 119). The Ming Dynasty became known for its effective and organized government system that provided the foundation for the prosperity that wouldRead MoreJamestown Research Paper1044 Words   |  5 Pages The governing body of Virginia, the Virginia General Assembly, held a session there, a parade was held, and even Dick Cheney and Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom attended a ceremony honoring the historic site where English settlers would first find a permanent home in the future United States (Lessig and Payne, 2007). Looking backward, it seemed almost inevitable that the settling of Jamestown was the beginning of the United States as it’s known today. Yet in its time, the future of JamestownRead MoreModern Day Knowledge Of Scurvy And Treatment1640 Words   |  7 PagesEuropean sailing ships first penetrated deep into the Indian and Pacific oceans in the 15th century with the intent of exploration, wealth, and war. The casualties were appalling. Historical records document that the Portuguese explorer Vasco Da Gama lost two-thirds of his crew to scurvy symptoms while traveling to India in 1499. Circumnavigator Ferdinand Magellan suffered 80% casualties to Scurvy. Among Magellan’s fleet of five galleons, only one ship survived the globe-trotting excursion.

Of Gardens Essay Example For Students

Of Gardens Essay God Almighty planted a garden. And indeed it is the purest of human pleasures. It is the greatest refreshment to the spirits of man; without which, buildings and palaces are but gross handiworks; and a man shall ever see, that when ages grow to civility and elegancy, men come to build stately sooner than to garden finely; as if gardening were the greater perfection. I do hold it, in the royal ordering of gardens, there ought to be gardens, for all the months in the year; in which severally things of beauty may be then in season. For December, and January, and the latter part of November, you must take such things as are green all winter: holly; ivy; bays; juniper; cypress-trees; yew; pine-apple-trees; fir-trees; rosemary; lavender; periwinkle, the white, the purple, and the blue; germander; flags; orange-trees; lemon-trees; and myrtles, if they be stoved; and sweet marjoram, warm set. There followeth, for the latter part of January and February, the mezereon-tree, which then blossoms; crocus vernus, both the yellow and the grey; primroses; anemones; the early tulippa; hyacinthus orientalis; chamairis; fritellaria. For March, there come violets, specially the single blue, which are the earliest; the yellow daffodil; the daisy; the almond-tree in blossom; the peach-tree in blossom; the cornelian-tree in blossom; sweet-briar. In April follow the double white violet; the wallflower; the stock-gilliflower; the cowslip; flower-delices, and lilies of all natures; rosemary-flowers; the tulippa; the double peony; the pale daffodil; the French honeysuckle; the cherry-tree in blossom; the damson and plum-trees in blossom; the white thorn in leaf; the lilac-tree. In May and June come pinks of all sorts, specially the blushpink; roses of all kinds, except the musk, which comes later; honeysuckles; strawberries; bugloss; columbine; the French marigold, flos Africanus; cherry-tree in fruit; ribes; figs in fruit; rasps; vineflowers; lavender in flowers; the sweet satyrian, with the white flower; herba muscaria; lilium convallium; the apple-tree in blossom. In July come gilliflowers of all varieties; musk-roses; the lime-tree in blossom; early pears and plums in fruit; jennetings, codlins. In August come plums of all sorts in fruit; pears; apricocks; berberries; filberds; musk-melons; monks-hoods, of all colors. In September come grapes; apples; poppies of all colors; peaches; melocotones; nectarines; cornelians; wardens; quinces. In October and the beginning of November come services; medlars; bullaces; roses cut or removed to come late; hollyhocks; and such like. These particulars are for the climate of London; but my meaning is perceived, that you may have ver perpetuum, as the place affords. And because the breath of flowers is far sweeter in the air where it comes and goes like the warbling of music than in the hand, therefore nothing is more fit for that delight, than to know what be the flowers and plants that do best perfume the air. Roses, damask and red, are fast flowers of their smells; so that you may walk by a whole row of them, and find nothing of their sweetness; yea though it be in a mornings dew. Bays likewise yield no smell as they grow. Rosemary little; nor sweet marjoram. That which above all others yields the sweetest smell in the air is the violet, specially the white double violet, which comes twice a year; about the middle of April, and about Bartholomew-tide. Next to that is the musk-rose. Then the strawberry-leaves dying, which a most excellent cordial smell. Then the flower of vines; it is a little dust, like the dust of a bent, which grows upon the cluster in the first coming forth. Then sweet-briar. Then wall-flowers, which are very delightful to be set under a parlor or lower chamber window. Then pinks and gilliflowers, especially the matted pink and clove gilliflower. Then the flowers of the lime-tree. Then the honeysuckles, so they be somewhat afar off. Of beanflowers I speak not, because they are field flowers. But those which perfume the air most delightfully, not passed by as the rest, but being trodden upon and crushed, are three; that is, burnet, wild-thyme, and watermints. Therefore you are to set whole alleys of them, to have the pleasure when you walk or tread. For gardens speaking of those which are indeed princelike, as we have done of buildings, the contents ought not well to be under thirty acres of ground; and to be divided into three parts; a green in the entrance; a heath or desert in the going forth; and the main garden in the midst; besides alleys on both sides. And I like well that four acres of ground be assigned to the green; six to the heath; four and four to either side; and twelve to the main garden. The conceptual models of human resource management EssayAnd for fine devices, of arching water without spilling, and making it rise in several forms of feathers, drinking glasses, canopies, and the like, they be pretty things to look on, but nothing to health and sweetness. For the heath, which was the third part of our plot, I wish it to be framed, as much as may be, to a natural wildness. Trees I would have none in it, but some thickets made only of sweet-briar and honeysuckle, and some wild vine amongst; and the ground set with violets, strawberries, and primroses. For these are sweet, and prosper in the shade. And these to be in the heath, here and there, not in any order. I like also little heaps, in the nature of mole-hills such as are in wild heaths, to be set, some with wild thyme; some with pinks; some with germander, that gives a good flower to the eye; some with periwinkle; some with violets; some with strawberries; some with cowslips; some with daisies; some with red roses; some with lilium convallium; some with sweet-williams red; some with bears-foot: and the like low flowers, being withal sweet and sightly. Part of which heaps, are to be with standards of little bushes pricked upon their top, and part without. The standards to be roses; juniper; hory; berberries but here and there, because of the smell of their blossoms; red currants; gooseberries; rosemary; bays; sweetbriar; and such like. But these standards to be kept with cutting, that they grow not out of course. For the side grounds, you are to fill them with variety of alleys, private, to give a full shade, some of them, wheresoever the sun be. You are to frame some of them, likewise, for shelter, that when the wind blows sharp you may walk as in a gallery. And those alleys must be likewise hedged at both ends, to keep out the wind; and these closer alleys must be ever finely gravelled, and no grass, because of going wet. In many of these alleys, likewise, you are to set fruit-trees of all sorts; as well upon the walls, as in ranges. And this would be generally observed, that the borders wherein you plant your fruit-trees, be fair and large, and low, and not steep; and set with fine flowers, but thin and sparingly, lest they deceive the trees. At the end of both the side grounds, I would have a mount of some pretty height, leaving the wall of the enclosure breast high, to look abroad into the fields. For the main garden, I do not deny, but there should be some fair alleys ranged on both sides, with fruit-trees; and some pretty tufts of fruit-trees; and arbors with seats, set in some decent order; but these to be by no means set too thick; but to leave the main garden so as it be not close, but the air open and free. For as for shade, I would have you rest upon the alleys of the side grounds, there to walk, if you be disposed, in the heat of the year or day; but to make account, that the main garden is for the more temperate parts of the year; and in the heat of summer, for the morning and the evening, or overcast days. For aviaries, I like them not, except they be of that largeness as they may be turfed, and have living plants and bushes set in them; that the birds may have more scope, and natural nestling, and that no foulness appear in the floor of the aviary. So I have made a platform of a princely garden, partly by precept, partly by drawing, not a model, but some general lines of it; and in this I have spared for no cost. But it is nothing for great princes, that for the most part taking advice with workmen, with no less cost set their things together; and sometimes add statuas and such things for state and magnificence, but nothing to the true pleasure of a garden.